This study explores strategies for optimizing EDFA gain in the context of (WDM and DWDM systems. By reviewing recent literature, we investigate various approaches to enhance EDFA performance, considering factors such as input power, pump power, and fiber length. Our analysis covers optimization algorithms, gain flattening techniques, adaptive gain equalization methods, and hybrid amplifier configurations. Additionally, we examine studies addressing nonlinear effects and the allocation of pump power to maximize gain efficiency. Recent advancements, including machine learning-based approaches and novel gain equalization techniques using phase-shifted fiber Bragg gratings, are also discussed. The findings underscore the significance of tailored EDFA gain optimization methods for improving the overall performance and efficiency of WDM and DWDM systems in optical communication networks.